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| 等 级：资深长老 |
| 经 验 值：17418 |
| 魅 力 值：1621 |
| 龙 币：32624 |
| 积 分：17564.9 |
| 注册日期：2004-06-11 |
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翻译着玩的。
For nearly six decades, a two-lane road, running 2,448 miles, connected Chicago to Los Angeles. It was the path to Western promise for "Okies" escaping the Dust Bowl in the 1930s, the road under the soles of American nomads like Jack Kerouac. Route 66 was once considered an essential artery, its travelers a measure of America's pulse. But by the mid-1980s, the road was deemed obsolete. Twenty-five years ago on June 27, Route 66 was decommissioned. But even as the no-tell motels and mom-and-pop shops along the road disappeared, the fables of America's "Mother Road" continued to ramble on.
历经六十余载，一条两车道的公路，绵延2，448英里，连接了芝加哥和洛杉矶。这就是俄克拉荷马人从30年代的“尘暴时期”(注1)逃到西部的那条路，像杰克•凯鲁亚克一样的美国游牧人脚下的路。66号公路曾被认为重要的主动脉，是美国人意愿的一种反映。但在80年代中期，这条路被视作废弃了。25年前的6月27日，66号公路正式退役了。不过就算那些情色汽车旅馆和路边夫妻小店都消失了，关于“母亲之路”的美国童话仍未停止。
In the 1920s, federal highway officials, faced with growing automobile ownership (registered motor vehicles grew from 500,000 in 1910 to almost 10 million in 1920) and the impracticality of disjointed, named trails, began to develop a numbered road system. Oklahoma real estate agent and coal company owner Cyrus Avery worked with John Woodruff, a highway proponent, to advocate a diagonal roadway running from Chicago to Los Angeles. As an Oklahoman, Avery, who was also largely responsible for getting America's Main Street its name, lobbied for the route because it would redirect traffic from Kansas City, Mo., and Denver and boost the state's prosperity. The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) initially named the road Route 60 and then Route 62. Avery "strenuously objected" to the switch, even penning a letter to AASHTO executive secretary William Markham saying, "You are making a joke of the interstate highway." On April 30, 1926, the route was renamed. Avery became known as the "Father of Route 66," with Springfield, Mo., its birthplace.
在20年代，面临着激增的汽车数量（从1910年的注册50万辆到1920年近1000万辆）和那些不相通的小路造成的不合理性，联邦高速路官员们开始规划一套以数字标称的公路系统。作为地产商和煤矿公司老板，俄克拉荷马人，赛勒斯•阿弗莱和一位高速公路的提议者约翰•伍德拉夫，共同提出兴建一条从芝加哥到洛杉矶的大斜角公路。身为俄克拉荷马人，阿弗莱是为66号公路使用“美国主干道”名称的主要负责人，他向议员游说兴建此路，从而缓解密苏里堪萨斯城和丹佛的交通压力，推动国家经济繁荣。美国州际公路和交通官员协会（AASHTO）最初将这条路命名为60号公路，而后更名为62号。阿弗莱“极力反对”这种改动，甚至还致信到AASHTO的执行书记，威廉•马克汉。信中言明：“你们简直在拿州际高速公路开玩笑”。1926年4月30日，这条公路再次更名为66号公路。阿弗莱在密苏里的斯普林菲尔德--公路的起点，被誉为“66号公路之父”。
Although Missouri was its birthplace, Oklahoma is probably the most famed location on the route. In 1928, Oklahoma native Andrew Hartley Payne brought pride to the state by winning the "Bunion Derby" — a 3,400-mile race from Los Angeles to New York that spanned much of Route 66. Oklahoma boasts the longest segment of the original Route 66 (about 400 miles), and several of the road's most celebrated travelers came from the state, including Woody Guthrie, Will Rogers (Route 66 is sometimes referred to as "Will Rogers Highway") and the fictional Joad family from John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath, which gave the route its most recognized nickname. "66 is the mother road," Steinbeck wrote, "the road of flight."
尽管密苏里是其诞生地，但俄克拉荷马大概是路上最有名的地方了。1928年，当地人安德鲁•哈特利•佩恩为66号公路带来了荣耀。他赢得了“Bunion Derby” 徒步穿越赛的冠军。这次从杉矶到纽约长达3400英里的比赛，其中绝大部分都在66号公路上完成的。俄克拉荷马以拥有最长最原始的66号公路（大约400英里）为傲。并且很多极有名气的旅游者都来自俄克拉荷马州，其中包括伍迪•格里黑，威尔•罗杰斯（66号公路有时被解释为“威尔•罗杰斯高速路”）和约翰•斯坦贝克笔下《愤怒的葡萄》中Joad之家。正是这部小说赋予了这条路最富盛名的绰号。“66号公路是母亲之路，是飞翔之路.” 斯坦贝克写道。
Pop-culture tributes to the Mother Road were (and are) anything but rare. Most famously, Bobby Troup's song Route 66 (recorded by Nat King Cole, the Rolling Stones, Depeche Mode and several others) advised, "Won't you get hip to this timely tip/ When you make that California trip/ Get your kicks on Route 66." From 1960 to 1964, the CBS television series Route 66 followed Tod Stiles (Martin Milner) and Buz Murdock (George Maharis) on their job-hunting travels across America in their Corvette convertible. And although Sal Paradise, Kerouac's main character in On the Road, only briefly traveled on Route 66 where it intersects Route 6 in Illinois, the road served as a symbol for members of the Beat Generation. In On the Road, Kerouac describes "the beatest characters in the country" swarming the sidewalks in Los Angeles. Among them, Kerouac notes, were the "longhaired brokendown hipsters straight off Route 66 from New York."
流行文化对于“母亲之路”的贡献绝不是一星半点。最有名气还是鲍比•特鲁普关于66号公路的歌（翻唱的有纳金高，滚石，流行尖端等很多人和乐队）:“难道你不是来到了这条路上了吗，当你在加州旅游时，在66号公路上找点乐子。”从1960年到1964年，CBS电视连续剧《66号公路》中，涛德•斯蒂尔斯（马丁•米尔纳扮演）和巴兹•默多克（乔治•马哈莱斯扮演）在有活动折篷的克尔维特豪车上横穿美国，寻找工作。尽管凯鲁亚克《在路上》的主人公萨尔•帕若岱斯只是在66号公路上简短地旅行过，就是在伊利诺伊交汇的那一段，但这条路仍被视为“垮掉的一代”象征之一。《在路上》书中，凯鲁亚克写道：“这个国家里最随心所欲的人们聚集到了洛杉矶的人行道上，在他们之中，正是那些长发蓬乱，心灵破碎的人，他们穿着低腰裤来自纽约。”
注1：The Dust Bowl, 或称为 the Dirty Thirties, 是1930年1936年（在某些地区持续到1940年）的一段时期。在些期间，极为恶劣的尘暴导致在美国大陆和加拿大牧场中造成生态和农业上的超大损失。
a period of severe dust storms causing major ecological and agricultural damage to American and Canadian prairie lands from 1930 to 1936 (in some areas until 1940).
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2012-03-07 17:57:33
